Researchers from the University of Amsterdam have published an open risk assessment model for gambling addiction on the website of the KSA regulator. This model is trained on betting data from 13 unnamed iGaming operators active in the Dutch market, covering the period from July 30, 2023, to July 30, 2025.
The model encompasses all verticals of online gambling, utilizing a machine learning algorithm that assigns a risk score to players based on their betting patterns, frequency and duration of play, streaks of losses and wins, as well as their reactions to these outcomes.
The data for this research was obtained through a request to operators, leveraging a provision in Dutch law that mandates the sharing of user data for independent studies. The model is available for public review and improvement, allowing the KSA to compare its own risk assessments with those of the operators.